a) simply add s
b) es
c) change the f to v and the add es
d) change the y into i, and then add es
e) just add s
Examples:
a) girl - girls; cake - cakes
b) mesh - meshes; loss - losses; match - matches
c) thief - thieves; leaf - leaves; loaf - loaves
d) worry - worries; city - cities
e) boy - boys; array - arrays; day - days